By following some simple steps when planning your shoots and when you're out in the field, you'll be able to get the most out of any city that you're photographing.
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1 Plan a shot list

The key to any successful photoshoot is research and planning. This is even more important when photographing a city.

There are many photo opportunities to be found - and to ensure that you maximise your time, you need to have a shoot plan, or otherwise known as a shot list.

A shot list is simply a list of what you want to try to cover on any given shoot. This might be a simple bullet point list places. or something more detailed like the exact location and time of the day you want to be there.
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The basis of a good shot list is research and planning. I can honestly say that I spend more time researching and planning a city shoot than actually taking images.

Here's how I go about researching my city shoots:
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‍Define the purpose of the shoot – cities are big places and trying to photograph everything might be impractical. So, try to define precisely what you want to achieve.

Begin your research – once you have an idea of what you are going to be shooting, take time to research it. Begin by searching on the internet and make a note of any exciting locations. Look through social media for example photos of the places you are hoping to shoot. Browse Google Maps for points of interest.

Write a shot list – once you've gathered information, you can start to plan your shoot. The level of detail you want to go into will come down to you. I try to plan shoots on a spreadsheet almost to the hour - so that I know where I need to be. I factor in travel times between locations and even make contingency plans in case of bad weather. All of this helps me maximise my time and efficiency when on location.

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2 Take your time

One of the biggest mistakes anyone can make when planning their shoots is trying to cram in too much... Trying to photograph everything will probably mean not photographing anything well.

Try to give yourself more time than you think you will need. Not only will this allow you to find unique angles and views, but it will also mean you can go back if the conditions aren't right first time round.
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3 Always be ready

The great thing about photographing cities is that for all your planning, there will also always be spontaneous photo opportunities - so you need to be ready for them.

When on location, make sure your camera is out of your bag, it’s turned on with the lens cap off. The last thing you want when a great photo opportunity is in front of you, is to be scrambling around trying to find your camera.

A good habit to get into is to continuously change your exposure settings every time you move to a different location.

For example, suppose you're walking in a narrow, dark alleyway. In that case, you will likely need to raise your ISO so that your'e allowing more light to reach the camera. But when you're in a main street and in bright sunshine, change your settings again by reducing your ISO.

This constant tweaking will ensure that your settings are approximate to what you want them to be when you need to take a photo.
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4 Get up early

If you want to shoot without the crowds, get up early in the morning.

Not only can you take advantage of the early morning golden hour light, but you'll often find you have the place to yourself.
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Safety:

‍If you're venturing out when there's going to be less people around, be aware of your surroundings. If you're not familiar with the area you're photographing, try to go with someone else, or even ask a taxi to wait for you while you take photos.

5 Look for rivers and bridges

One of the most striking photos of any city is often its skyline.

The best places for cityscapes are often riversides or bridges as you'll get a natural clearance to see the city.

It also means that you'll have a spot where you can easily photograph the skyline at sunrise and sunset (using a tripod) to get those dramatic skies and soft light.
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Google Street View is a great tool for finding good locations for these cityscape shots. For most of the famous cities around the world, you can pretty much find the exact spot that you need to be at using Street View.

But another good place to capture cityscapes is often from rooftop bars. Every city will have some restaurants, bars or even viewing platforms that offer great views.

The downside of these is that often they are not open at the ideal times for photography or there are entrance fees. Some also won’t allow tripods which makes it difficult to capture photos in low light conditions.

Tip:

Look for hotel rooms that have a good view of the city. You can even ask when booking a room or checking-in if they can give you a city view room. I have lost count of the number of times that I have managed to take amazing cityscape shots from my hotel room.

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6 Head to markets

Markets are one of the best places to photograph in cities. They are a hub of activity, and if it's a city you're visiting - you will often be able to get a glimpse of everyday life.

From portraits of the market vendors to the moments of interaction, or the colourful variety of food and products on sale, they offer a range of opportunities for interesting and engaging shots. I always ensure I add markets to my shot list in any city.
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7 Look for the details

Think of any city in the world and the first image that comes to mind is often the landmarks, but some of the most interesting shots can be found in overlooked details.
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It could be architectural patterns, graffiti or even an interesting doorway. These details will help give your portfolio variety and also offer a different view of a well-photographed place.
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Whether it's a city you're visiting, or the city that you live in - with these tips, some careful planning and some imagination - you'll be getting those incredible cityscape shots in no time!